How Does N2O Effect Engine performance?

How does nitrous oxide help an engine perform better?

This Question of the Day talks about how sodium chlorate acts as a way to store oxygen. You release the oxygen in sodium chlorate by heating it. It turns out that nitrous oxide (N20) works exactly the same way. When you heat nitrous oxide to about 570 degrees F (~300 C), it splits into oxygen and nitrogen. So the injection of nitrous oxide into an engine means that more oxygen is available during combustion. Because you have more oxygen, you can also inject more fuel, allowing the same engine to produce more power. Nitrous oxide is one of the simplest ways to provide a significant horsepower boost to any gasoline engine.
Nitrous oxide has another effect that improves performance even more. When it vaporizes, nitrous oxide provides a significant cooling effect on the intake air. When you reduce the intake air temperature, you increase the air's density, and this provides even more oxygen inside the cylinder.
The only problem with nitrous oxide is that it is fairly bulky, and the engine needs a lot of it. Like any gas, it takes up a fair amount of space even when compressed into a liquid. A 5-liter engine running at 4,000 rotations per minute (rpm) consumes about 10,000 liters of air every minute (compared to about 0.2 liters of gasoline), so it would take a tremendous amount of nitrous oxide to run a car continuously. Therefore, a car normally carries only a few minutes of nitrous oxide, and the driver uses it very selectively by pushing a button.

2009 Nissan Skyline GTR

JAPAN's OWN SUPER CAR

The 2009 Nissan GT-R is this Japanese automaker's new flagship sports car. Long known as the Skyline GT-R in Japan, the 2009 GT-R marks the first time this 2-door coupe will be offered for sale outside Nissan's home market. GT-R is Nissan's most powerful vehicle with a turbocharged 3.8-liter V6 engine that produces 480 hp. The engine teams with a 6-speed automatic transmission with steering wheel shift paddles for manual operation. All-wheel drive is standard as are a sport suspension and 20-inch wheels with run-flat tires. Available safety features include ABS, traction control, antiskid system, curtain side airbags, and front side airbags. Available features include a navigation system, a hard drive for storing digital music files, and a wireless cell phone link. We have not yet tested the 2009 Nissan GT-R.

Model Prices
Prices Updated: 04/16/2008
Trim Name
Retail Price
Dealer Invoice
Destination Charge
Base 2-door coupe$69,850,$65,744,$625
Premium 2-door coupe,$71,900,$67,672,$625
Pricing Key: Retail prices listed with each report are set by the vehicle's manufacturer. These figures appear on each car's federally mandated window sticker. Most price lists also include dealer-invoice prices. Dealer-invoice prices are what the dealer pays the manufacturer for the car and its factory-installed options. The destination charge is not included in the suggested-retail or dealer-invoice price and must be added to the cost of the vehicle. Car companies change prices frequently throughout the year. If the prices published do not match those on the vehicle's window sticker, the manufacturer has probably altered the price recently.
NA = price note available, NC = no charge.
Rebates and Incentives
There are no rebates or incentives at this time.
Consumer Guide®'s Rebates and Incentives represent a summary of national manufacturer programs available. Regional restrictions may apply, and offerings may vary by model. For a complete list of Rebate & Incentive programs click here.
Standard Equipment
Base
Powertrain
3.8-liter turbocharged V6 engine, 6-speed automatic transmission, all-wheel drive, traction control.
Safety
Dual front airbags, front side airbags, antilock 4-wheel disc brakes, antiskid system, tire-pressure monitor.
Comfort and Convenience Features
Air conditioning w/dual-zone automatic climate controls, navigation system, tilt/telescopic leather-wrapped steering wheel, leather/alcantara upholstery, 6-way power front bucket seats, aluminum interior trim, heated power mirrors, power windows, power door locks, remote keyless entry, keyless access and starting, AM/FM/CD/MP3 player, hard drive, satellite radio, wireless cell phone link, tachometer, universal garage door opener, illuminated visor mirrors.
Appearance and Miscellaneous
Rear spoiler, xenon headlights, automatic and driver adjustable suspension, 255/40ZR20 front and 285/35ZR20 rear run-flat tires, alloy wheels.
Premium adds to Base:
Safety
Curtain side airbags.
Comfort and Convenience Features
Heated front seats, Bose sound system.
Optional Equipment
Comfort and Convenience Features
Retail Price
Invoice Price
iPod adapter
Base, Premium$360$265
Floormats
Base, Premium$280,$200
Appearance and Miscellaneous

Special paint
Base, Premium$3,000$2,602

Looking at the 2009 Nissan GT-R the song “Going The Distance” by Cake comes to mind.
This firebreathing 473 horsepower twin-turbocharged V6 all-wheel drive monster will make make you scream whilst screaming itself. An appropriate car for the upcoming Hallow’s Eve indeed.
Arriving this coming Spring stateside, the 2009 Nissan GT-R will set a new performance bar for mere mortals that only once attained by those carrying American Express Black cards. Running from 0-60 mph in 3.5 seconds (the time it took you to read the former part of this sentence) the car will slam past the quarter-mile at 193 mph 11.7 seconds later and take on Ferrari F430, Lamborghini Gallardo and Porsche 911 Turbo owners. The difference being you’ve paid less than a third of what they did thereby justifying a massive grin and a middle finger. Oh yes lads, the GT-R (rather, what we over here on this side of the Atlantic like to call, the Skyline) will come in approximately $80,000. A year’s salary well spent.
What this means to you: Something sinister stateside comes.
Cost: ~$80,000 @ Nissan

Bugatti Veyron Special Edition Hermes ''H''

• Bugatti Special Edition Hermes




• This rather long appendage to the Bugatti nameplate reflects a relationship that the factory says goes back to 1927 when Ettore Bugatti sought fitted luggage from the Parisian design house.
  


• That relationship has come full circle in this limited-edition Bugatti with styling cues developed by Hermes. The Fgp appellation refers to Hermes’ headquarters on Rue du Faubourge Saint Honore in Paris.
  


• It’s not just a color and paint trim package, although the sand-colored hood and rear decklid are the first indications that this package is special. The face of the car has been revamped with a brushed-aluminum trademark horse collar grille now flanked with a panel with two air inlets. All the mesh grilles - including the main radiator opening, lower inlets - engine air snorkels aft of the passenger cabin and the rocker panel inlets now have a pattern that reflect the Hermes “H” motif.
  


• Inside, sand-colored leather covers all the surfaces, and even the inside door pulls have been reconfigured to look more like luggage latches than door handles.
  


• Bespoke leather on the interior, and Hermes logos on the wheel hubs and fuel-filler door speak to the car’s pedigree. The car retains its legendary performance from its 1001-bhp V-16 quad- turbocharged engine, which enables a factory-claimed 0-62-mph run of 2.6 seconds. The price? Nearly $2 million.

Bugatti Veyron 16/4 (expert review)

• BUGATTI VEYRON


• 
  Just five special edition Bugatti Veyrons show off the $4 million supercar’s aluminium and carbon fibre frames.
  
  The world’s most expensive car now doesn’t come with paint.
  Bugatti is building just five special versions of its $3 million Veyron EB 16.4 supercar with a special ‘naked’ finish that does without any paint.
  


• Instead, the special versions of the Veyron 16.4 showcase the shiny aluminium panels and futuristic carbon fibre in what is the world’s fastest car.
  


• Bugatti says it is reacting to customer demands with the unique Veyron 16.4s by making them a bit more special.
  


• Instead of an estimated price of $3 million dollars for the Bugatti supercar – if one were ever sold in Australia – the special Veyron 16.4’s price would likely be closer to $4 million.
  Bugatti is asking a hefty 1.4 million Euros for the special Veyron, minus taxes and any other statutory charges.
  


• That’s 400,000 Euros more than the regular Veyron and translates to some 2.3 million Australian dollars. By the time you add the import duty, GST, dealer margin, luxury car tax and stamp duty the price stretches to somewhere around $4 million, depending on the exchange rate on any given day.
  


• The special Veyron 16.4 also boasts different wheels and other minor changes in an effort to better appeal to typically discerning markets.
  


• Bugatti says customers never complained about the power and performance of the Veyron 16.4.
  Described as the Concord of the motoring world, the Veyron has an 8.0-litre 16-cylinder engine with four turbos.
  


• It sends its 736kW of power – four times that of a six-cylinder family sedan - to all four wheels and can accelerate to 100km/h in a Formula One-like 2.9 seconds.
  The Bugatti Veyron has a top speed of 407km/h, a figure verified by independent testing.
  


• Just 100 versions of the Veyron have been sold around the world. All have the steering wheel on the left-hand side, so they can’t be registered in Australia.
  Bugatti says it is already holding orders for another year’s worth of production

Ford F150 HarleyDavidson

FORD F150 HarleyDavidson


One is nothing short of an American Icon. It's a product which comes from a company with over one hundred years of manufacturing history behind it.
(Photo: Kevin ''Crash'' Corrigan)Their logo is often portrayed to the world as a symbol of all things American. Over the years, it has become a byword for toughness and their loyal customers have often been heard to say that once you buy one, you'll never own anything else.The other one is ... well it's Harley-Davidson isn't it? So the above description is perfectly appropriate for them as well. Maybe, that's why this vehicle, in so many ways, makes so much sense. In other ways, it doesn't. It is certainly not a work vehicle; it's far too luxurious for that. It can hardly be described as a sports car even with its 5.4 L V8 and the 22 inch rims. No, what we have here is simply a celebration of two of America's finest motoring achievements.The legendary Ford F150 pickup is, without a doubt, one of the most successful products ever to carry the Ford badge. It has been the best selling full-size pickup in N. America for 40 years now. The other, Harley-Davidson, can equally be proud of their achievements. They have
(Photo: Kevin ''Crash'' Corrigan)become the undeniable pinnacle of the motorcycle industry. It also should be said that they can boast of a branding division that is the envy of corporations worldwide. That alone says a great deal about this partnership. Nowadays you can find the Harley-Davidson logo on a number of products and it is often rumored that H-D earns more from this than they do from the motorcycles which they produce. They are, however, fiercely protective of their reputation and do not venture into partnership deals such as this without thinking it through. The 2006 Ford Harley-Davidson F150 is the eighth model to come from this alliance since it was forged in 1999 and in my opinion, quite possibly the best to date. Its impressive Moonstone Black paintwork, the custom looking chrome Billet styled grille and the 22 inch polished aluminum wheels combine to make this truck stand out in a crowd. Add to it, the Harley-Davidson badges and the bold H-D striping, and this vehicle starts to take on all the
(Photo: Kevin ''Crash'' Corrigan)coolness of a decked out FatBoy. (Before you start sending me letters about male weight problems and my total insensitivity, I'm talking about Harley's famous FatBoy motorcycle model, Ok?) Upon opening the clam-style doors on the vehicle you really do get a sense of the biker influence. Ford describes the armchair looking seats as being covered in "Airline leather". To me, it looks more like the coverings which you would see on motorcycle seats or even saddlebags. Whichever way you look at them, they are tough looking, extremely comfortable and that heavy duty leather should easily last through the lifetime of the vehicle. The little H-D emblems on the seatbacks have been thoughtfully applied and succeed in completing the look.The Dashboard also carries the H-D logo tastefully throughout and the gauges have a very distinctive look to them. There is a special plate which carries the full VIN number of the vehicle and also the specific build number as this is, of course, a Limited Edition model. The interior is finished off with a leather bound steering wheel/gearshift and the stereo has one of the best speaker systems that I've ever encountered.Every F150 drives well but it must be said that there is a certain price to
(Photo: Kevin ''Crash'' Corrigan)pay for those good looking 22" rims. The vehicle does like to follow the truck ruts on the highway and you can almost feel a dime on the roadway. This is not un-livable and to be honest, it's a small price to pay for the stunning looks of the vehicle.Performance from the 5.4L EFI V8 is plentiful and the O/D transmission is well suited. The exhaust note has a nice growl to it and certainly adds to the Bad-Boy image. After a week spent in the vehicle, I have to say that my wallet appeared a little lighter after a visit to each gas station. Then again, V8 pickups and even Harley-Davidson motorcycles have never been aimed at the "tight-wallet brigade". These modes of transport are all about the total image that they portray and how they make you feel inside.
(Photo: Kevin ''Crash'' Corrigan)With that said, I doubt Ford will have any trouble whatsoever moving this year's output of these Limited Editions. The truck certainly looks the part. I can vouch that it turns heads and even though I'm not truly a pickup kind of guy, I enjoyed my week in the Ford F150 Harley-Davidson Edition immensely.

2009 Dodge Challenger R/T

Dodge Challenger...expert review

By Cars.com Staff
Cars.com
February 27, 2008

The long-awaited return of Dodge's classic muscle car comes this April in the form of the 2008 Challenger SRT8, a performance version akin to the Charger SRT8 sedan. Dodge will build 6,400 for 2008, only in the high SRT8 trim level, and will add more affordable and modest versions in the 2009 model year. The two-door's competition includes the Ford Mustang, Nissan 350Z and upcoming Chevrolet Camaro.ExteriorUnlike the Charger sedan, which borrowed only a name from the muscle-car era, the Challenger was designed after the 1970 model and is unmistakably the Challenger from any angle. It has a broad grille and rear-end treatments, and three colors this year to bring out different elements of the exterior. On the Hemi Orange and Bright Silver Metallic models, the black rocker panels and bumper extensions make the car appear to ride higher than it actually does, recalling the classic Challenger. Brilliant Black Crystal Pearl Coat (that's metallic black paint) makes it look lower and sleeker. The true dual exhaust ends in chromed rectangular tailpipes tucked into notches in the bumper.Carbon-fiber-patterned racing stripes on the hood are standard, as are two vents alongside the center ridge that cool the engine compartment. A semigloss finish on the rear spoiler also hails from the classic era. Twenty-inch aluminum wheels are standard.InteriorA black headliner (ceiling fabric) pays homage to the classic Challenger, but the interior otherwise emulates the Charger's — specifically the SRT8 trim level, which itself has exclusive materials and prominently bolstered leather sport seats with accent stitching and embroidered SRT8 logos. Each of the limited-production 2008 models will have a dashboard plaque displaying its number in the production run.One of the most intriguing features is the Challenger's Reconfigurable Display with Performances Pages. The bottom of the speedometer face is a display that can show — in addition to such mundane information as a trip odometer and outside temperature — readings of the car's 0-60 mph and quarter-mile times, braking performance and roadholding, expressed as lateral g force.Standard and optional modern amenities include a premium stereo, Sirius Satellite Radio, a navigation system and MyGIG, an advanced entertainment system.Under the HoodAs an SRT8 model, the 2008 Challenger comes only with a 6.1-liter version of the legendary Hemi V-8. A bored-out, tweaked version of the already robust 5.7-liter Hemi, this one cranks out 425 horsepower and 420 pounds-feet of torque. As in all the other Chrysler and Dodge SRT8 models, this engine does without the fuel-saving cylinder-deactivation technology of the smaller Hemi. In the end, the EPA-estimated mileage is 13/18 mpg city/highway.Unlike its archrival, the Mustang, the Challenger has an independent rear suspension. It's sport-tuned for handling, but Dodge says its ride quality is comfortable. Rear-wheel drive and a torquey V-8 aren't the best choice for all seasons, but the standard tires are Goodyear Eagle RS-A all-seasons. Goodyear F1 Supercar summer performance tires are optional.Also unlike the Mustang, the Challenger comes only with a five-speed automatic. Ford offers manual transmissions in all Mustang versions. Challenger drivers must settle for the AutoStick clutchless-manual mode.The brakes are Brembo four-piston calipers at all four wheels, with 14.2-inch vented discs in front and 13.8-inch discs in the rear. Dodge says the car can go from 60 mph to zero in 110 feet — which is good performance.Originally cited as the "low 5 seconds," Dodge announced a 0-60 mph time of 4.9 seconds at the Challenger's Chicago Auto Show introduction. The quarter-mile, it says, is under 14 seconds, and the Challenger's top speed is 170 mph.SafetyThe safety feature complement includes side curtain airbags, antilock brakes and an electronic stability system with traction control. Xenon headlights are standard this year.

Need For Speed Carbon Cheats...PS2 & PC

NEED FOR SPEED CARBON CHEATS...

Cheat modeType the following code at the title screen:[Down], [Up], [Left], [Down], [Right], [Up], [Square], [Triangle]: Extra money[Down], [Up], [Up], [Right], [Left], [Left], [Square]: Inifinte Crew Charge[Left], [Up], [Left], [Down], [Left], [Down], [Right], [Square]: Inifinte NOS[Down], [Right], [Right], [Left], [Right], [Up], [Down], [Square]: Inifinte SpeedBreaker[Right], [Up], [Down], [Up], [Down], [Left], [Right], [Square]: Need For Speed Carbon Logo Vinyls Unlocked[Up], [Up], [Down], [Down], [Down], [Down], [Up], [Square]: Need For Speed Carbon Special Logo Vinyls Unlocked